/* ==========================================================================
   TOKENS
   ========================================================================== */
:root {
  --bg-color: #F8F8F9;
  --card-bg: #FFFFFF;
  --text-primary: #111113;
  --text-secondary: #55555C;
  --accent-color: #A81C24;
  --border-color: #E2E2E8;
  color-scheme: light;

  --font-display: "Playfair Display", Georgia, serif;
  --font-body: "Plus Jakarta Sans", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, sans-serif;
  --font-mono: "Space Mono", "Fira Code", monospace;

  --rule-hair: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  --rule-heavy: 2px solid var(--text-primary);

  --gutter: clamp(20px, 5vw, 64px);
  --max-width: 980px;
  --sidebar-width: 224px;
  --mobile-dock-height: calc(56px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom, 0px));

  --ease: cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

/* Night Edition — same structure, same accent family, re-lit for dark paper. */
[data-theme="dark"] {
  --bg-color: #131316;
  --card-bg: #1B1B1F;
  --text-primary: #F1F0EC;
  --text-secondary: #9D9CA6;
  --accent-color: #FF5C54;
  --border-color: #2B2B30;
  color-scheme: dark;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   RESET
   ========================================================================== */
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--bg-color);
  color: var(--text-primary);
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  transition: background-color 0.35s var(--ease), color 0.35s var(--ease);
}
img { max-width: 100%; display: block; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
ol, ul { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
h1, h2, h3, p { margin: 0; }
button { font: inherit; }

:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent-color);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  top: -100px;
  left: 12px;
  z-index: 300;
  background: var(--text-primary);
  color: var(--bg-color);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 10px 16px;
  transition: top 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.skip-link:focus {
  top: 12px;
}

/* Accessible screen-reader-only utility */
.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border-width: 0;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after {
    animation-duration: 0.001ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: 0.001ms !important;
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
  }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   LAYOUT PRIMITIVES
   ========================================================================== */
.wrap {
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: var(--gutter);
}

#app-root {
  margin-left: var(--sidebar-width);
}

.section {
  padding-block: clamp(56px, 9vw, 104px);
  scroll-margin-top: 24px;
}
.section + .section {
  border-top: var(--rule-hair);
  transition: border-color 0.35s var(--ease);
}

.eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent-color);
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}
.eyebrow::before {
  content: "";
  width: 22px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--accent-color);
}

.section-title {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: clamp(28px, 4vw, 40px);
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  margin-bottom: 44px;
  max-width: 24ch;
}

.reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(18px);
  transition: opacity 0.7s var(--ease), transform 0.7s var(--ease);
}
.reveal.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   SIDEBAR QUICK-JUMP RAIL
   ========================================================================== */
.side-rail {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  height: 100vh;
  width: var(--sidebar-width);
  border-right: var(--rule-hair);
  background: var(--bg-color);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  z-index: 200;
  transition: background-color 0.35s var(--ease), border-color 0.35s var(--ease);
}

.side-rail__list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 14px;
  padding: 0 32px;
  width: 100%;
}

.side-rail__list a {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 10px;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--border-color);
  padding-left: 12px;
  padding-block: 2px;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  transition: border-color 0.25s var(--ease), color 0.25s var(--ease), padding-left 0.2s var(--ease);
}

.side-rail__index {
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.side-rail__list a:hover {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  padding-left: 14px;
}

.side-rail__list a.is-active {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  border-left-color: var(--accent-color);
  padding-left: 14px;
}
.side-rail__list a.is-active .side-rail__index {
  color: var(--accent-color);
}

@media (min-width: 1025px) and (max-height: 860px) {
  .side-rail__list {
    gap: 8px;
    padding: 0 24px;
  }
  .side-rail__list a {
    font-size: 10.5px;
    padding-left: 10px;
    gap: 8px;
  }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   THEME TOGGLE — icon only, fixed top-right
   ========================================================================== */
.theme-toggle-btn {
  position: absolute;
  top: 22px;
  right: var(--gutter);
  z-index: 250;
  width: 42px;
  height: 42px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  background: var(--card-bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--text-primary);
  color: var(--text-primary);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background-color 0.35s var(--ease), border-color 0.25s var(--ease), color 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.theme-toggle-btn:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
  color: var(--accent-color);
}
.theme-toggle-btn .icon {
  width: 19px;
  height: 19px;
}
.theme-toggle-btn .icon-sun,
.theme-toggle-btn .icon-moon {
  display: none;
}
/* Icon shown = the mode you'll switch TO. */
[data-theme="dark"] .theme-toggle-btn .icon-sun { display: block; }
[data-theme="light"] .theme-toggle-btn .icon-moon { display: block; }

/* ==========================================================================
   ABOUT (masthead + bio)
   ========================================================================== */
.site-header {
  padding-block: clamp(72px, 10vw, 120px) 0;
}

.masthead__name {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 900;
  font-size: clamp(44px, 7vw, 84px);
  line-height: 0.95;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.masthead__subline {
  margin-top: 16px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.masthead__subline .divider {
  width: 4px;
  height: 4px;
  background: var(--accent-color);
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.badge {
  display: inline-block;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  padding: 4px 10px;
  border: 1px solid var(--text-primary);
  color: var(--text-primary);
  transition: border-color 0.35s var(--ease), color 0.35s var(--ease);
}
.badge--accent {
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
  color: var(--accent-color);
}
.badge--status {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
  color: var(--accent-color);
  background: rgba(168, 28, 36, 0.04);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .badge--status {
  background: rgba(255, 92, 84, 0.08);
}
.badge--status::before {
  content: "";
  display: inline-block;
  width: 5px;
  height: 5px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background-color: var(--accent-color);
}

/* Tactile Action Buttons */
.btn-primary {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 10px 18px;
  background-color: var(--accent-color);
  color: #FFFFFF !important;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  border: 1px solid var(--accent-color);
  border-radius: 4px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(168, 28, 36, 0.2);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: transform 0.2s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.2s var(--ease), opacity 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.btn-primary:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 5px 14px rgba(168, 28, 36, 0.35);
  opacity: 0.96;
}
.btn-primary:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.btn-secondary {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 10px 18px;
  background-color: transparent;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  border-radius: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: transform 0.2s var(--ease), border-color 0.2s var(--ease), color 0.2s var(--ease), background-color 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.btn-secondary:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  border-color: var(--text-primary);
  background-color: var(--card-bg);
}
.btn-secondary:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .btn-primary {
  color: #111113 !important;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(255, 92, 84, 0.25);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .btn-primary:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 5px 18px rgba(255, 92, 84, 0.45);
}

.hero__headline {
  margin-top: 40px;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: clamp(22px, 3vw, 32px);
  line-height: 1.3;
  max-width: 20ch;
}

.hero__bio {
  margin-top: 20px;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 17px;
  max-width: 62ch;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.tech-stack {
  margin-top: 32px;
  padding-top: 32px;
  border-top: var(--rule-hair);
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   IMPACT — METRIC LEDGER STRIP
   ========================================================================== */
#impact {
  padding-block: clamp(36px, 6vw, 64px);
}
#impact .eyebrow {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.ledger {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  background: transparent;
  transition: border-color 0.35s var(--ease);
}

.ledger__item {
  padding: clamp(20px, 3vw, 30px) clamp(12px, 2vw, 20px);
  text-align: center;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  transition: background-color 0.25s var(--ease), border-color 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.ledger__item:last-child { border-right: none; }
.ledger__item:hover { background: var(--card-bg); }

.ledger__number {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: clamp(24px, 3.4vw, 36px);
  color: var(--accent-color);
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  line-height: 1.15;
  transition: transform 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.ledger__item:hover .ledger__number {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.ledger__label {
  margin-top: 8px;
  font-size: 12.5px;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  line-height: 1.4;
  max-width: 22ch;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   SKILLS — CLASSIFIEDS COLUMNS
   ========================================================================== */
.columns {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 44px;
}

.column__head {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-color);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.column__list li {
  padding: 11px 0;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.column__list li:last-child { border-bottom: none; }

/* ==========================================================================
   PROJECTS
   ========================================================================== */
.projects {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 28px;
}

.project-card {
  background: var(--card-bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  border-radius: 4px;
  padding: 32px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 18px;
  position: relative;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02);
  transition: background-color 0.35s var(--ease), border-color 0.25s var(--ease),
    transform 0.25s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.project-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px -8px rgba(168, 28, 36, 0.12);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .project-card {
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #1C1C21 0%, #161619 100%);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .project-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px -8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5), 0 0 0 1px rgba(255, 92, 84, 0.25);
}

.project-card__tags {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
}

.project-card__title {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 24px;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
}

.project-card__desc {
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  flex-grow: 1;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
}

.project-card__link {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  align-self: flex-start;
  padding-top: 12px;
  border-top: var(--rule-hair);
  width: 100%;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  transition: color 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.project-card__link:hover,
.project-card__link:focus-visible { color: var(--accent-color); }

.project-card__link span[aria-hidden="true"] {
  display: inline-block;
  transition: transform 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.project-card__link:hover span[aria-hidden="true"] {
  transform: translate(3px, -3px);
}

.project-card__link--primary::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
}

.project-card__link--secondary {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 3;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   EXPERIENCE — TIMELINE
   ========================================================================== */
.timeline__item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 170px 1fr;
  gap: 28px;
  padding-block: 32px;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
}
.timeline__item:first-child { border-top: var(--rule-heavy); }

.timeline__period {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: var(--accent-color);
  padding-top: 4px;
}

.timeline__role {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 21px;
}

.timeline__org {
  margin-top: 4px;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.timeline__bullets {
  margin-top: 14px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
  max-width: 62ch;
}
.timeline__bullets li {
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 18px;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}
.timeline__bullets li::before {
  content: "—";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  color: var(--accent-color);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   EDUCATION
   ========================================================================== */
.education__group {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0;
}

.degree-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 170px 1fr;
  gap: 28px;
  padding-block: 28px;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
}
.degree-item:first-child { border-top: var(--rule-heavy); }

.degree-item__period {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: var(--accent-color);
  padding-top: 4px;
}

.degree-item__degree {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 20px;
}

.degree-item__institution {
  margin-top: 4px;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.degree-item__details {
  margin-top: 12px;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.7;
  max-width: 62ch;
}

.cert-item {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 20px;
  padding: 16px 0;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.cert-item__name {
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 15px;
}
.cert-item__meta {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
}

.courses__legend {
  margin-top: 14px;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   RESEARCH — COLOPHON
   ========================================================================== */
.colophon {
  text-align: center;
  padding-block: clamp(40px, 6vw, 72px);
}
.colophon__title {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: clamp(22px, 3.4vw, 32px);
  max-width: 26ch;
  margin-inline: auto;
  line-height: 1.35;
}
.colophon__desc {
  margin-top: 20px;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  max-width: 56ch;
  margin-inline: auto;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.75;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   CONTACT
   ========================================================================== */
.contact__email {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: clamp(24px, 4.5vw, 44px);
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  display: inline-block;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--text-primary);
  padding-bottom: 6px;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: color 0.2s var(--ease), border-color 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.contact__email:hover,
.contact__email:focus-visible {
  color: var(--accent-color);
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
}
.contact__email.is-copied {
  color: #10B981 !important;
  border-color: #10B981 !important;
}

.contact__email-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.copy-email-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  padding: 8px 14px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background: var(--card-bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.copy-email-btn:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
  color: var(--accent-color);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}
.copy-email-btn.is-copied {
  border-color: #10B981;
  color: #10B981;
  background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
  transform: scale(1.03);
}
}

.social-list {
  margin-top: 44px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2px;
  max-width: 420px;
}
.social-list a {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 14px 0;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 15px;
  transition: color 0.2s var(--ease), padding-left 0.2s var(--ease), border-color 0.35s var(--ease);
}
.social-list a:hover,
.social-list a:focus-visible {
  color: var(--accent-color);
  padding-left: 6px;
}
.social-list a span.arrow {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  color: var(--text-secondary);
}
.social-list a:hover span.arrow { color: var(--accent-color); }

/* ==========================================================================
   FOOTER — metadata only
   ========================================================================== */
.site-footer {
  border-top: var(--rule-heavy);
  padding-block: 28px;
  padding-inline: var(--gutter);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
}
.site-footer__group {
  display: flex;
  gap: 20px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   SUBPAGE & EDITORIAL STYLES (research.html & projects.html)
   ========================================================================== */
.subpage-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 200;
  background: var(--bg-color);
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
  padding: 16px var(--gutter);
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  transition: background-color 0.35s var(--ease), border-color 0.35s var(--ease);
}

.back-link {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  transition: color 0.2s var(--ease), transform 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.back-link:hover {
  color: var(--accent-color);
  transform: translateX(-3px);
}

.subpage-wrap {
  max-width: 820px;
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: var(--gutter);
  padding-block: clamp(48px, 8vw, 84px);
}

/* SOP / Research Reader */
.sop-header {
  margin-bottom: 48px;
  padding-bottom: 32px;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-heavy);
}
.sop-meta {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent-color);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.sop-title {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: clamp(32px, 5vw, 50px);
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}
.sop-subtitle {
  margin-top: 16px;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

/* SOP Prose Details */
.sop-prose {
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.8;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  max-width: 72ch;
}
.sop-prose h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 26px;
  margin-top: 56px;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
}
.sop-prose h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 20px;
  margin-top: 32px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  color: var(--accent-color);
}
.sop-prose p {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}
.sop-prose blockquote {
  margin: 32px 0;
  padding: 18px 24px;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent-color);
  background: var(--card-bg);
  font-style: italic;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 19px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}
.sop-prose ul {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  padding-left: 20px;
  list-style: disc;
}
.sop-prose li {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   RESEARCH & SOP READER ENHANCEMENTS (TOC & Reading Time)
   ========================================================================== */
.reading-progress-track {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 3px;
  background: transparent;
  z-index: 999;
}
.reading-progress-bar {
  height: 100%;
  width: 0%;
  background: var(--accent-color);
  transition: width 0.08s ease-out;
}

.subpage-wrap--research {
  max-width: 1140px;
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: var(--gutter);
  padding-block: clamp(40px, 6vw, 68px);
}

.sop-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 40px;
  position: relative;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .sop-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 240px minmax(0, 1fr);
    align-items: start;
    gap: 52px;
  }
}

/* Sticky TOC Sidebar */
.sop-toc {
  display: none;
}

@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .sop-toc {
    display: block;
    position: sticky;
    top: 96px;
    max-height: calc(100vh - 120px);
    overflow-y: auto;
    padding-right: 18px;
    border-right: var(--rule-hair);
  }
}

.sop-toc__eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
}
.sop-toc__eyebrow::after {
  content: "";
  flex: 1;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--rule-color);
}

.sop-toc__nav {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 6px;
}

.sop-toc__link {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 24px 1fr;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 8px 10px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 13.5px;
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: all 0.2s var(--ease);
  border-left: 2px solid transparent;
}

.sop-toc__link:hover {
  color: var(--text-primary);
  background: var(--card-bg);
}

.sop-toc__link.active {
  color: var(--accent-color);
  background: var(--card-bg);
  border-left-color: var(--accent-color);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.sop-toc__num {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  opacity: 0.65;
}

.sop-toc__link.active .sop-toc__num {
  opacity: 1;
  color: var(--accent-color);
}

.sop-toc__footer {
  margin-top: 24px;
  padding-top: 16px;
  border-top: var(--rule-hair);
}

.sop-toc__cv-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11.5px;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.sop-toc__cv-link:hover {
  color: var(--accent-color);
}

/* Mobile Table of Contents */
.sop-mobile-nav {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 32px;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  background: var(--card-bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule-color);
  border-radius: 6px;
}
@media (min-width: 992px) {
  .sop-mobile-nav {
    display: none;
  }
}
.sop-mobile-nav summary {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent-color);
  cursor: pointer;
  user-select: none;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
}
.sop-mobile-nav ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 12px 0 0 0;
  margin: 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 8px;
  border-top: var(--rule-hair);
  margin-top: 10px;
}
.sop-mobile-nav li a {
  font-size: 13.5px;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  text-decoration: none;
  display: block;
  padding: 4px 0;
}
.sop-mobile-nav li a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-color);
}

/* Metadata and Reading Time */
.sop-meta-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.sop-badge-group {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
}

.sop-reading-time,
.sop-word-count {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 5px;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11.5px;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  background: var(--card-bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule-color);
  padding: 4px 9px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
}

.sop-section {
  scroll-margin-top: 96px;
}

/* Category Filter Bar for Projects */
.filter-bar {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 36px;
  padding-bottom: 20px;
  border-bottom: var(--rule-hair);
}
.filter-btn {
  background: transparent;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 8px 16px;
  min-height: 38px;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  transition: all 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.filter-btn:hover {
  border-color: var(--text-primary);
  color: var(--text-primary);
}
.filter-btn.is-active {
  background: var(--text-primary);
  border-color: var(--text-primary);
  color: var(--bg-color);
}

.empty-state-notice {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  padding: 48px 24px;
  text-align: center;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  border: 1px dashed var(--border-color);
}

/* CTA & Link Buttons */
.cta-link-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 10px 18px;
  min-height: 44px;
  border: 1px solid var(--accent-color);
  color: var(--accent-color);
  background: transparent;
  transition: all 0.25s var(--ease);
  margin-top: 24px;
  text-decoration: none;
}
.cta-link-btn:hover {
  background: var(--accent-color);
  color: #111113;
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* Copy Email Micro-interaction */
.contact__email-row {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 14px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}
.copy-email-btn {
  background: transparent;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 8px 14px;
  min-height: 38px;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  transition: all 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.copy-email-btn:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
  color: var(--accent-color);
}

/* Extended Developer Footprint */
.dev-footprint {
  margin-top: 48px;
  padding-top: 32px;
  border-top: var(--rule-hair);
}
.dev-footprint__title {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}
.dev-footprint__grid {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
}
.dev-chip {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  padding: 6px 14px;
  background: var(--card-bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: border-color 0.2s var(--ease), color 0.2s var(--ease), transform 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.dev-chip:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
  color: var(--accent-color);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   RESPONSIVE
   ========================================================================== */
@media (max-width: 959px) {
  #app-root {
    margin-left: 0;
    padding-bottom: calc(var(--mobile-dock-height) + 16px);
  }

  .side-rail {
    top: auto;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    height: var(--mobile-dock-height);
    padding-bottom: env(safe-area-inset-bottom, 0px);
    width: auto;
    border-right: none;
    border-top: var(--rule-hair);
    align-items: center;
    mask-image: linear-gradient(to right, transparent 0%, black 20px, black calc(100% - 28px), transparent 100%);
    -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(to right, transparent 0%, black 20px, black calc(100% - 28px), transparent 100%);
  }
  .side-rail__list {
    flex-direction: row;
    gap: 16px;
    padding: 0 var(--gutter);
    overflow-x: auto;
    width: 100%;
    -ms-overflow-style: none;
    scrollbar-width: none;
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    scroll-snap-type: x proximity;
  }
  .side-rail__list::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }
  .side-rail__list a {
    border-left: none;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-color);
    padding-inline: 6px;
    padding-bottom: 0;
    min-height: 44px;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    white-space: nowrap;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    scroll-snap-align: center;
    transition: all 0.2s var(--ease);
  }
  .side-rail__list a:active {
    transform: scale(0.95);
  }
  .side-rail__list a.is-active {
    border-left-color: transparent;
    border-bottom-color: var(--accent-color);
  }

  .theme-toggle-btn {
    top: 16px;
    width: 38px;
    height: 38px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 780px) {
  .columns { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 32px; }
  .projects { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .timeline__item,
  .degree-item {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 6px;
  }
  .ledger { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .ledger__item:nth-child(2) { border-right: none; }
  .ledger__item:nth-child(3),
  .ledger__item:nth-child(4) { border-top: var(--rule-hair); }
  .cert-item { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; gap: 4px; }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .ledger__item {
    padding: 22px 12px;
  }
  .ledger__number {
    font-size: 24px;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  }
  .ledger__label {
    font-size: 11px;
    line-height: 1.35;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 520px) {
  .project-card:hover {
    transform: none;
    box-shadow: 0 6px 16px -4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
  }
  .site-footer { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   SEARCH INPUT (Clean Design)
   ========================================================================== */
.clean-search-input {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 420px;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  background-color: var(--card-bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule-color);
  border-radius: 6px;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: 15px;
  transition: border-color 0.2s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.clean-search-input:focus {
  outline: none;
  border-color: var(--accent-color);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(var(--accent-color-rgb, 107,70,193), 0.15);
}
.clean-search-input::placeholder {
  color: var(--text-secondary);
}